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Published online before print August 12, 2008
Protein Science, DOI: 10.1110/ps.036715.108
 Copyright © 2008 The Protein Society
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Activation Profiles of Human Kallikrein-related Peptidases by Proteases of the Thrombostasis Axis

Hyesook Yoon1, Sachiko I Blaber2, D. Michael Evans3, Julie Trim4, Maria Aparecida Juliano5, Isobel Scarisbrick6, and Michael Blaber7

1 Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University;
2 College of Medicine, Florida State University;
3 Vantia Therapeutics;
4 Ferring Research Ltd;
5 Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo;
6 Dept of Neurology, Mayo Rochester

(RECEIVED May 29, 2008; ACCEPTED August 7, 2008)

The human kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) comprise fifteen members (KLK1-15) and are the single largest family of serine proteases. The KLKs are utilized, or proposed, as clinically important biomarkers and therapeutic targets of interest in cancer and neurodegenerative disease. All KLKs appear to be secreted as inactive pro-forms (pro-KLKs) that are activated extracellularly by specific proteolytic release of their amino-terminal pro-peptide. This processing is a key step in the regulation of KLK function. Much recent work has been devoted to elucidating the potential for activation cascades between members of the KLK family, with physiologically relevant KLK regulatory cascades now described in skin desquamation and semen liquefaction. Despite this expanding knowledge of KLK regulation, details regarding the potential for functional intersection of KLKs with other regulatory proteases are essentially unknown. To elucidate such interaction potential, we have characterized the ability of proteases associated with thrombostasis to hydrolyze the pro-peptide sequences of the KLK family using a previously described pro-KLK fusion protein system. A subset of positive hydrolysis results were subsequently quantified with proteolytic assays using intact recombinant pro-KLK proteins. Pro-KLK6 and 14 can be activated by both plasmin and uPA, with plasmin being the best activator of pro-KLK6 identified to date. Pro-KLK11 and 12 can be activated by a broad-spectrum of thrombostasis proteases, with thrombin exhibiting a high-degree of selectivity for pro-KLK12. The results show that proteases of the thrombostasis family can efficiently activate specific pro-KLKs, demonstrating the potential for important regulatory interactions between these two major protease families.

Keywords: Enzymes; Active sites; Structure/function studies; Active site/binding site/epitope mapping; Peptide/fragment isolation; Protein families, evolutionary relationships; Proteomics; Activation cascades; Serine proteases

7 E-mail: michael.blaber{at}med.fsu.edu


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